Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a significant public health concern, affecting millions of people each year. These injuries occur when an external force hits the brain. It can happen through a direct impact on the head or a violent jolt that causes the brain to move within the skull.
TBIs can range from mild concussions to severe brain damage, and their effects can drastically impact a victim’s life. With different types of symptoms, diagnoses, and treatments, understanding the common causes of TBI is crucial for immediate action.
1. Falls
Among adults aged 65 and older, falls are the primary cause of injury-related death, with a rising fall death rate. Falls are also the leading cause of brain injuries in young children and the elderly.
The occurrence of slipping in the bathroom, falling down stairs, or loss of balance can lead to severe head injuries. Symptoms of traumatic brain injury from a fall may include immediate headache, confusion, brief loss of consciousness, balance and coordination issues, nausea or vomiting, and blurred vision.
To prevent falls, you can install bathroom grab bars, ensure proper lighting in all areas of your home, remove tripping hazards like loose rugs and clutter, and use handrails on stairs.
2. Motor Vehicle Accidents
Motor vehicle accidents are a significant source of TBIs, accounting for a large percentage of cases each year. These injuries can occur in various types of accidents, including head-on collisions, rear-end crashes, side-impact crashes, and rollovers.
The sudden impact of a collision can cause the brain to race within the skull, leading to bruising, bleeding, or other forms of damage. This movement can happen in several ways; the brain may strike the inside of the skull (coup injury), or it might rebound to hit the opposite side (contrecoup injury), resulting in widespread damage.
To reduce the risk of traumatic brain injuries from motor vehicle accidents, always wear seat belts, use appropriate child safety seats, and ensure that they are correctly installed. Adhere to traffic laws and speed limits, maintain a safe distance, and always drive sober.
3. Sport Injuries
Participation in contact sports like football, soccer, hockey, and boxing can lead to a TBI. Concussions are common in these activities due to collisions with other players, falls, or being hit by equipment like balls or pucks.
Symptoms of a TBI from sports-related injuries include immediate confusion or “seeing stars,” dizziness or loss of balance, a headache that worsens with activity, memory loss about the event, and changes in sleep patterns.
To prevent a TBI from a sports injury, use proper safety gear such as helmets and mouth guards, follow the rules and regulations designed to protect players, coaches, and athletes must be aware of the signs of concussions, and ensure prompt medical evaluation for any head injury.
4. Assaults and Violence
Physical assaults, including domestic violence or child abuse, are, unfortunately, one of the common causes of TBI. These traumatic injuries can occur from direct blows to the head, being shaken violently, or being struck with objects.
The common symptoms of a TBI from assaults and violence include loss of consciousness, seizures or convulsions, dilated pupils, clear fluids draining from the nose or ears, and difficulty speaking or understanding speech.
To reduce the risk factors, raise awareness about the signs of domestic violence and encourage the reporting of violence to authorities.
5. Other Causes
Various other scenarios can lead to TBIs, including workplace accidents, recreational activities, medical conditions, and military combat. These injuries might result from falls, impacts, or sudden jolts to the head.
Symptoms of these common causes of TBI can vary, including drowsiness or inability to wake up, weakness or numbness in the limbs, persistent nausea or vomiting, loss of coordination or balance, and unusual behavior or personality changes.
Who Is Most Likely To Get A TBI?
While anyone can sustain a severe brain injury, certain groups are at higher risk:
- Young children (ages 0-4) are prone to falls and accidental impacts due to their developing motor skills and natural curiosity.
- Teenagers (ages 15-19) are at risk due to sports injuries, motor vehicle crashes, and risk-taking behaviors.
- Older adults (65+) are more susceptible to falls due to balance issues, vision problems, and frailty.
According to data, males are more likely to suffer TBIs than females, often due to riskier behaviors, occupations, and participation in contact sports.
We Can Help You
Traumatic brain injuries can have a profound and lasting effect on individuals and their families. We can reduce the incidence by understanding the common causes of TBI and taking preventative measures.
If you or someone you know has experienced a head injury, seeking immediate medical attention is crucial. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can make a significant difference in recovery and quality of life. Contact the Brain Injury Help Center for the support you need. We advocate for brain health.
